Back From Oshkosh

I got back from Oshkosh late last night.  I had two main goals for my trip to Oshkosh: decide on an engine and decide on an EFIS.

Engine: I had heard good things about the IO-375 from AeroSport Power.  Fundamentally, it is a parallel valve IO-360 with a redesigned crank that simultaneously lowers compression ratio (8:1) while moving the peak pressure to a point in the crank’s rotation that has more mechanical advantage.  The end result is an engine that weighs exactly the same as the parallel valve IO-360 but makes 195 hp.  I spoke at length with Bart LaLonde and am now convinced that this is the engine I’ll go with.

EFIS: I have been really impressed with the preliminary info about the Dynon SkyView system, but I wanted to take a close look at Dynon, Advanced Flight Systems, and Grand Rapids.  The Advanced and Grand Rapids systems are available now and look very nice, but I don’t need my avionics for a while, so that isn’t a big factor for me.  The Dynon system is not yet shipping, but it looks like it will be even nicer than Advanced or Grand Rapids by the time I need to buy anything.  I really like the modular aspect to the system which not only makes it easier to install and upgrade, it makes it easier to extend in the future.  Given that it still has a ways to go before it has all of the promised functionality, I want to wait before making a final decision, but at this point, I’m about 95% sure I will go with the Dynon SkyView system.

Ordered Engine

I placed my order for an engine today.  I’m going with an AeroSport Power horizontal induction IO-375 with the following configuration:

  • 8.0 to 1 compression ratio
  • Superior cold air induction system
  • Single Lightspeed II+ electronic ignition with direct crank sensor
  • Single Slick magneto
  • Silver Hawk Ex fuel injection system
  • Inverted engine mod (basically some additional internal case machining to better support an inverted oil system).

The stock IO-375 provides 195hp, but the cold air induction system should add 3-4hp.  Total price $27,750.

Worked on Battery Box and Contactors

I received my battery and install kit from Van’s today, so I wanted to take a break from the forward fuselage and install it.  Van’s specifies optional lighting holes in the steel mounting box.  I want to take advantage of any opportunity to remove weight from the plane since I’m going with a full interior.  I used my fly cutter in the drill press and knocked these out in 15 minutes or so.  It turns out that four pieces of 3/4″ wood fit exactly inside the box, so I used them to back up the top surface when drilling the holes.

Next, I clamped sude support angles in place and match drilled them to the battery box.  The left side is flush with the back wall of the battery box, but the right side is offset forward about 0.024″ to make room for the firewall recess and the thickness of the firewall sealant.  To do this, I set the angle on a piece of scrap stock.

After deburring and dimpling the battery box and angles (the box needs flush rivets on the inside so that they don’t interfere with the battery), I painted the box and mounting angles with some gloss black paint.

While waiting for the paint to dry, I fabricated the connection between the battery contactor and starter contactor.  Instead of using a big wire with terminals on the ends, Van’s recommends positioning the contactors such that a solid copper bar can be used to connect the output of the battery contactor (silver) to the input of the starter contactor (black).  Van’s recommends using two pieces of 1/16″ thick copper and sells this stock.  Aircraft Spruce sells 1/8″ thick stock for less, so this can be fabricated from a single piece.  I made the bar slightly longer than the plans so that the mounting ears don’t interfere.

Two diodes need to be mounted between the input of the starter contactor and the control terminal as well as between the left control terminal of the starter contactor and ground.  These contactors are basically electromagnets, and shutting off power to these coils causes the magnetic field to collapse which can generate voltage spikes of hundred to thousands of volts.  This causes arcing in the switches which can cause them to prematurely fail.  By using these diodes, the energy from the collapsing magnetic field can be safely dissipated.

Started Installing Battery and Starter Contactors

Since I positioned the contactors far enough apart vertically that the mounting ears didn’t interfere (which is not according to plans), I couldn’t use the stock positioning.  Instead, I simply adjusted the pair vertically until the outboard ears intersected with the firewall stiffener centerlines and marked the holes.  I then drilled and installed L1000-4 nutplates on these holes.

Here’s the cabin side.  I had to countersink the firewall and stiffener for the AD3 rivets that attached the nutplates.  I’ll drill the center holes later.

Powder Coated Battery Box Components

I painted the battery box and mounting angles a couple of days ago.  The paint on the box came out fine, but it bubbled up on the angles.  These were previously powder coated, but I sanded and cleaned them before painting, but apparently, something went wrong.  I considered stripping the paint off and trying again, but I had been looking for an excuse to buy a powder coating system anyway, so this was as good of an excuse as any.  I stopped by Harbor Freight this morning and picked up their system as well as a few colors of powder.  After stripping the paint and old powder coat, I re-powder coated these and baked them in a cheap little toaster oven I picked up at Target.  These turned out fantastic.  I really wish I had bought this earlier so that I could have powder coated the tailwheel spring mount.

Here’s the finished box with the side angles riveted on.

Fit Battery Box and Finished Contactors

I fit the battery box to the firewall and drilled the three mounting holes an AN3 bolts.  This can’t be installed permanently now since the firewall recess hasn’t been riveted on.

Here’s the battery in the box.  I’ve taped off the posts so that I don’t accidentally short anything across the battery.

I fabricated the hold down strap from some aluminum bar stock.  This gets held down with a couple of AN3 bolts that run through some spacers I made so that the bolts can be torqued down without putting excessive force on the top of the battery.  The battery weighs almost 15lbs, and the plane is rated to handle 3 negative Gs, so the strap needs to handle at least a 45lbs load plus a healthy safety margin.

I also fabricated the firewall stiffener for the center attach points of the two contactors.  Since I adjusted the position of the contactors, this also isn’t to plans.  I basically just roughly centered the plate horizontally and vertically on the pair of center holes and then laid out four rivets around the perimeter to tie it to the firewall.  I didn’t get a picture of it, but I then final drilled/reamed the center holes to 1/4″ and then drilled for nutplates.  I want to prime this plate, so I didn’t get it installed tonight.  I’ve got a pretty big pile of parts that needs priming how, so I should probably have a priming session in the next few days.

Worked on Brake System

I drilled the firewall and stiffener for the brake fluid reservoir.  This has mounting ears that are bolted through the firewall stiffener.  I installed this on the left side of the firewall instead of the right since I’m only installing pilot side brakes.

This is the cabin side.  These are the wrong length bolts (obviously), but were just used for positioning.  You can see where the fitting threads into the reservoir.  Hoses will attach here to provide fluid to the master cylinders.

I positioned the Grove parking brake valve just to the right of the reservoir.  I determined the horizontal position by positioning the activation arm just to the right of the rib so that I can attach the cable mount to the rib.

Next up, I used some left over 1/4″ 5052 tubing to fabricate lines that tie the brake valve to the fittings on the firewall.

Here you can see that the line has to jog around the firewall stiffener.  It’s late, so I’ll take care of the other line tomorrow.

Finished Parking Brake Line and Cut Hole For Heater Box

I fabricated the other line from the parking brake valve to the firewall fittings.  As is typical, the second one took a fraction of the time of the first.

I don’t have a 2″ hole saw, and I didn’t want to buy one just for this one hole, so I used my fly cutter in a handheld drill.  I went slow and it went fine.  At no time did I feel like this was dangerous, but by no means am I recommending that you do this.

Heater Box, Firewall Recess, Fuel Vents

I drilled the mounting holes in the firewall for the heater box.  Here I just have a couple of AN3-4A bolts temporarily holding it on.  I have some AN3C-4A bolts on order for the permanent attachment.

I prepped the firewall recess for riveting by deburring the rest of the edges, dimpling all around, and riveting the sides.  I dimpled these holes as well so the recess will be flush on the inside.

I started fabricating one of the fuel vent fittings by taking an AN832-4D bulkhead fitting and sanding off the threads on the short end and cutting a 45º bevel in the end  I’ll proseal a small stainless steel vent over the end to keep bugs out.

More Random Fuselage Tasks

I bolted the fuselage gussets to the side walls and final torqued everything.

My buddy Andre stopped by and we knocked out a bunch of riveting including this doubler for the contactors.

We also riveted this doubler for the parking brake valve.

I wanted to rivet the firewall recess in place while I had his help.  Before that could be done though, the rudder pedal brace had to be riveted to the firewall stiffener.  All of these rivets could be reached with the squeezer.

Here is the firewall recess riveted into place with firewall sealant under the flange.  Be sure you include the stiffener on the bottom edge of this hole.

Now that the doubler was in place, the contactors could be bolted to the firewall.

The battery box can also be bolted to the firewall and the battery installed.  I primed and painted the holddown components with flat black paint to match the powder coating.

I spent about 45 minutes tonight fabricating the fuel vent line for the right fuel tank.  It is a pain to get all the bends in the right place and my hands are killing me since this requires a lot of hand bending.  I’ll take care of the other one tomorrow.

Here is the most complex part of the line.  It has to curve around one of the skin stiffeners and then back the other way to go around the rudder cable.  You want to provide a little clearance here so that the parts don’t rub with vibration.